History

Timeline

Timeline

The lives of Laurens and Abraham Verniers — and what followed

From the first documented persecution to the early nineteenth century — as told in Post II on the blog, the extended story of Laurens and the family history.

1539Ghent
Context

Rhetoricians' festival in Ghent: one of the first visible traces of biblical thinking and criticism of Roman Catholic practices such as indulgences and the sacraments. Source

1538–1550Flanders
Context

Within the early Protestant movement a split occurs, giving rise to the Mennonites (followers of Menno Simons), the Reformed, and the Calvinists. Source

1549–1566Deinze
Context

Biblical ideas and criticism of Roman Catholic practices also resound at the Deinze rhetoricians' festivals (1549–1553 and 1566). Source

1566Flanders
Context

The Wonderyear: Calvinists hold field sermons, organise the Iconoclastic Fury across Flanders, and found their own churches and congregations. Source

1567Flanders
Context

Philip II sends the Duke of Alva to crush the religious uprising with force; through the Twentieth Penny tax, the population is made to help pay for the Spanish troops. Source

1568Heiligerlee
Context

Start of the Eighty Years' War: at the Battle of Heiligerlee, troops of William of Orange defeat a Spanish army for the first time. Source

1572Den Briel
Context

The Sea Beggars capture Den Briel; the armed revolt against Spain gains a foothold in Holland and Zeeland. Source

1567Antwerp & 's-Hertogenbosch
Laurens

Banished in absentia by the Duke of Alva — for secretly baptising fellow believers, among other places in Antwerp and 's-Hertogenbosch. The beginning of our founding ancestor's documented story. Source Source Source

1560Franeker
Laurens

Registered in the Franeker citizens' book (3 December), under the corrupted name "Lourens Wermer". Source

1569Kleve
Laurens

Mediates on behalf of Franeker, together with elders Hendrik van Roosevelt and Jan van Ophoorn, in a church dispute. Source

1569Franeker
Laurens

Sentence of Banishment (26 November): banished under the name Joachim Joos Vernier as a teacher of the Mennonite sect, with confiscation of his goods. Source

1570Cologne
Laurens

Receives a letter from his friend Hans Busschaert, addressed to "Lauwereys Verniers, at Franeker". Source

c. 1573Southern Netherlands
Abraham

Birth of Abraham Verniers, son of Laurens, likely in Ghent or Antwerp — though hard to reconcile with Laurens' 1567 banishment from Antwerp; his mother may already have been living in the north. Source

1576Ghent
Context

Pacification of Ghent: despite their religious differences, all seventeen provinces unite against the Spanish troops, shortly after the plundering of Antwerp by mutinying Spanish soldiers (the "Spanish Fury"). Source

1579Arras & Utrecht
Context

The Union of Arras (southern provinces, reconciling with Spain) and the Union of Utrecht (northern provinces) split the Low Countries into two camps. Source

1581The Hague
Context

Act of Abjuration: the northern provinces formally renounce allegiance to King Philip II. Source

1578–1584Flanders
Context

Ghent becomes a Calvinist city, and Flanders largely a Calvinist land. Source

1582Amsterdam
Family

Stepdaughter Giert(e) Jans marries (December) Claes Claesz Anslo — the start of the family's connection to the Anslo family, with possible later links to Rembrandt and Vondel. Source

1584Ghent
Context

Following military action, Ghent falls to Alexander Farnese; Flemish Calvinists emigrate en masse to England, the Netherlands, and Germany — contributing to the economic flourishing of the Golden Age. Source

1584Delft
Context

William of Orange is assassinated in Delft by Balthasar Gerards — the first assassination of a head of state with a firearm. Source

1585Antwerp
Context

After a long siege by Alexander Farnese, Antwerp falls; thousands of Protestants and Mennonites flee north — the same persecution Laurens Verniers had already fled Antwerp for, sixteen years earlier. Source

after 1584Flanders
Context

Catholicism is restored in Flanders during the Counter-Reformation, driven in part by the Jesuits. Source

1585Amsterdam
Laurens

Owner of a house on the Kalverstraat. Source

1591Amsterdam
Laurens

Owner of "De Oranjeboom" on the Warmoesstraat. Source

1600Amsterdam
Laurens

Dies and is buried on 27 December in the Oude Kerk, on the Oudezijds Voorburgwal near the Varkensluis. Source

1602Amsterdam
Context

Founding of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) — the world's first multinational, and a few decades later the context in which Abraham Verniers would become active as a master of navigation in Enkhuizen. Source

1603Middelburg
Abraham

Writes his Almanach, centuries later recovered as binding material of a seventeenth-century tax register. Source

1606Amsterdam
Abraham

Registered as a pedlar, originating from Emden. Source

1608Leiden
Abraham

Citizen and distiller, also originating from Emden. Source

1609–1621Republic
Context

Twelve Years' Truce: an armistice between the Republic and Spain interrupts the Eighty Years' War. Source

1611–1613Leiderdorp
Abraham

Sells land; by then already living in Haarlem. Source

1621Amsterdam
Abraham

Acts, together with Jacob Ysbrantsz. Bontekoe, as expert witness for the VOC, as "master of navigation" in Enkhuizen. Source

1626Enkhuizen
Abraham

Marries Geertje (Guijrt) Jans on 30 April in the Westerkerk. Source

1627Enkhuizen
Abraham

Draws up his will on 29 June, naming Geertje as his sole and universal heir. Source

1627Enkhuizen
Abraham

Dies on 5 November; he had been warden of the Enkhuizen orphanage. Source

1648Münster
Context

Peace of Münster: end of the Eighty Years' War and formal recognition of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands. Source

1652–1784Republic & England
Context

Four Anglo-Dutch Wars are fought over maritime supremacy and trade — relevant to later generations of Verniers in shipping and trade. Source

1672Republic
Context

Rampjaar ("Disaster Year"): simultaneous attacks by France, England, and the bishoprics of Münster and Cologne bring the young Republic to the brink. Source

Map

The journeys of Laurens and Abraham

Every dot is a place from the timeline. Click a dot, or a place in the list below, to jump straight to the matching event.

N Flanders, the Low Countries & the Rhineland 1 Flanders (?) 2 Emden 3 Middelburg 4 5 Leiden 6 Haarlem 7 Leiderdorp 8 Enkhuizen 1 Antwerp 2 's-Hertogenbosch 3 Franeker 4 Kleve 5 Cologne (letter) 6 Amsterdam
Laurens' route Abraham's route Uncertain location

Laurens — route

1
Antwerp1567

Secretly baptises fellow believers; later banished in absentia.

See in timeline →
2
's-Hertogenboschbefore 1567

Second city where, according to the Sentence, he baptised fellow believers.

See in timeline →
3
Franeker1560 & 1569

Registered in the citizens' book (1560); formally banished here nine years later.

See in timeline →
4
Kleve1569

Mediates a church dispute, together with two other elders.

See in timeline →
5
Cologne1570

Not a journey, but a letter: friend Hans Busschaert writes to him from Cologne.

See in timeline →
6
Amsterdam1585–1600

Homeowner on the Kalverstraat and the Warmoesstraat; he dies here in 1600.

See in timeline →

Abraham — route

1
Flandersc. 1573

Birth, likely in Ghent or Antwerp (Nationaal Archief) — hard to reconcile with Laurens' 1567 banishment from Antwerp.

See in timeline →
2
Emdenbefore 1606

Place of origin according to the Amsterdam and Leiden citizen registers.

See in timeline →
3
Middelburg1603

Writes his Almanach here.

See in timeline →
4
Amsterdam1606

Registered as a pedlar.

See in timeline →
5
Leiden1608

Citizen and distiller.

See in timeline →
6
Haarlembefore 1613

Already living here while conducting business around Leiderdorp.

See in timeline →
7
Leiderdorp1611–1613

Sells land here.

See in timeline →
8
Enkhuizen1621–1627

Master of navigation, orphanage warden, marriage, will, and death.

See in timeline →